Law Review and Bar Journal References:

"The Worst of Both Worlds: How the Kansas Sentencing Guidelines Have Abandoned Juveniles in the Name of 'Justice'," William T. Stetzer, 35 W.L.J. 308 (1996).

"Testing the Validity of Confessions and Waivers of the Self-Incrimination Privilege in the Juvenile Court," Trey Meyer, 47 K.L.R. 1035 (1999).

Attorney General's Opinions:

Custody requirement for taking juvenile fingerprints for felony-type offenses. 85-96.

Open records; law enforcement records; jail book, standard offense report, mug shots. 87-25.

Notification of public hearing to crime victim; juvenile offenders aged 16 or over. 90-54.

Docket fees and expenses; recovery of court appointed attorney fees by county from parents of accused offender. 90-99.

County attorney and county counselor; duties; juvenile matters. 92-67.

Sexual predator act is not applicable to juvenile offenders. 94-109.

Sex offender registration act; application to juvenile offenders. 95-3.

Juveniles; collection of blood and saliva specimens; fingerprinting by KBI. 95-63.

CASE ANNOTATIONS

1. No federal or state constitutional right to jury trial under juvenile offenders code. Findlay v. State, 235 Kan. 462, 463, 681 P.2d 020 (1984).

2. Cited; authority to modify restitution under K.S.A. 38-1663 and juvenile's rights to due process upheld. In re C.A.D., 11 Kan. App. 2d 13, 711 P.2d 1336 (1985).

3. Cited; provisions of K.S.A. 60-460(dd) (statements by children) inapplicable to juvenile offender proceedings. In re Mary P., 237 Kan. 456, 701 P.2d 681 (1985).

4. Juvenile proceeding is civil proceeding, protective in nature and totally divorced from criminal implications. State v. Muhammad, 237 Kan. 850, 854, 703 P.2d 835 (1985).

5. Cited; where defendant had no juvenile offender status because of prior adjudications (K.S.A. 38-1602(b)(3)), court lacked jurisdiction under code. State v. Lowe, 238 Kan. 755, 715 P.2d 404 (1986); R'ved, Lowe v. State, 242 Kan. 64, 744 P.2d 856 (1987)

6. Cited; deliberations and findings necessary to establish venue of dispositional hearing outside juvenile resident county (K.S.A. 38-1605) examined. In re A.T.K., 11 Kan. App. 2d 174, 176, 717 P.2d 528 (1986).

7. Cited; failure to advise about expungement rights (K.S.A. 21-4619) and appeal rights (K.S.A. 38-1681) when defendant no longer "juvenile offender" (K.S.A. 38-1602(b)(3)) examined. Reubke v. State, 11 Kan. App. 2d 353, 354, 720 P.2d 1141 (1986).

8. Cited; review by indigent defense services board of claims by appointed attorneys (K.S.A. 22-4522) constitutional. Clark v. Ivy, 240 Kan. 195, 202, 727 P.2d 493 (1986).

9. Failure of state to proceed hereunder deprived court of jurisdiction to accept guilty plea to crime committed before 18. State v. Mayfield, 241 Kan. 555, 561, 738 P.2d 861 (1987).

10. Cited; legal obligation of county to provide counsel for indigent defendants charged with misdemeanors, hourly rate allowed examined. Board of Osage County Comm'rs v. Burns, 242 Kan. 544, 545, 747 P.2d 1338 (1988).

11. Cited; K.S.A. 21-3732 relating to incendiary or explosive devices as not including device known as "torpedo" examined. In re D.W.A., 244 Kan. 114, 765 P.2d 704 (1988).

12. The hearing referred to in K.S.A. 38-1652 as meaning only adjudicatory hearings for those over 15 determined. Stauffer Communications, Inc. v. Mitchell, 246 Kan. 492, 789 P.2d 1153 (1990).

13. Sufficiency of evidence supporting determination to try juvenile as adult (K.S.A. 38-1636) upheld. State v. Hooks, 251 Kan. 755, 758, 840 P.2d 483 (1992).

14. Cited in holding crime of aiding a felon (K.S.A. 21-3812) applies to aiding a juvenile offender. State v. Busse, 252 Kan. 695, 698, 847 P.2d 1304 (1992).

15. Cited; whether state may try juvenile prosecuted as adult on charges not previously raised in juvenile proceeding examined. State v. Randolph, 19 Kan. App. 2d 730, 731, 876 P.2d 177 (1994).

16. Whether nonsexually violent juvenile adjudications are considered convictions for habitual sex offender determination purposes examined. State v. Ward, 20 Kan. App. 2d 238, 244, 886 P.2d 890 (1994).

17. Whether juvenile adjudication can be used to enhance severity level of theft conviction examined. In re J.E.M., 20 Kan. App. 2d 596, 598, 890 P.2d 364 (1995).

18. Juvenile adjudications may be considered in calculating offender's criminal history. State v. LaMunyon, 259 Kan. 54, 55, 911 P.2d 151 (1996).

19. Juvenile adjudication cannot carry criminal implications or qualify as crime; pre-1996 aggravated escape from custody section (K.S.A. 21-3810) inapplicable. State v. Clint L., 262 Kan. 174, 177, 936 P.2d 235 (1997).

20. Juvenile under 14 must have opportunity to consult with attorney or parent before waiving Miranda rights or statements are inadmissible. In re B.M.B., 264 Kan. 417, 432, 955 P.2d 1302 (1998).

21. City's special use zoning ordinance discriminated against potential group home residents based on familial status in violation of FHA (42 U.S.C. 3601 et seq.) Keys Youth Services, Inc. v. City of Olathe, Kan., 52 F. Supp. 2d 1284, 1306 (1999).

22. City discriminated against nonprofit corporation on basis of family status of proposed residents under federal housing statute. Keys Youth Services, Inc. v. City of Olathe, Kan., 67 F. Supp. 2d 1228, 1229 (1999).

23. Code provides no authority for imposition of consecutive sentences. In re W.H., 274 Kan. 813, 57 P.3d 1 (2002).

24. Cited in discussion of changes in policy goals of the juvenile offender system; juveniles have right to jury trials. In re L.M., 286 Kan. 460, 462, 466, 480, 487, 186 P.3d 164 (2008).