Law Review and Bar Journal References:

"Delacruz: Following the Nichols Court Through the Looking Glass," Eric Lawrence, 44 K.L.R. 1045 (1996).

Survey of Recent Cases, 46 K.L.R. 926 (1998).

"The Kansas Sentencing Guidelines Act," Robert J. Lewis, Jr., 38 W.L.J. 327 (1999).

"Bargaining for Freedom: Kansas Allows Criminal Defendants to Avoid Plea Agreement Sentences but Binds the State to Its Deals [State v. Boley, 113 P.3d 248 (Kan. 2005)]," Ali N. Ketchum, 45 W.L.J. 467 (2006).

Attorney General's Opinions:

1996 amendment prospective; applicable to felony drug offenses committed on and after July 1, 1996. 96-58.

CASE ANNOTATIONS

1. Cited; whether defendants whose sentences are converted to guidelines remain subject to postrelease supervision upon release examined. Phillpot v. Shelton, 19 Kan. App. 2d 654, 659, 663, 875 P.2d 289 (1994).

2. Whether imposing imprisonment for presumed nonprison felony defendant committed on probation for felony constitutes departure examined. State v. Dillard, 20 Kan. App. 2d 660, 663, 890 P.2d 1248 (1995).

3. Whether judge erred by imposing indeterminate sentence contrary to KSGA (K.S.A. 21-4704 et seq.) examined. State v. Rhoads, 20 Kan. App. 2d 791, 800, 892 P.2d 918 (1995).

4. Defendant may appeal imposition of discretionary consecutive sentences only if imposition constitutes departure. State v. McCallum, 21 Kan. App. 2d 40, 43, 895 P.2d 1258 (1995).

5. Amendment designating border boxes to provide optional nonprison sentence substantive and applies prospectively. State v. Ford, 262 Kan. 206, 936 P.2d 255 (1997).

6. 1996 amendments to section concerning sentence modification are not to be applied retroactively. State v. Roseborough, 263 Kan. 378, 379, 951 P.2d 532 (1997).

7. Trial court erred in sentencing defendant without conforming to statutory provisions; remanded for resentencing. State v. Reason, 263 Kan. 405, 416, 951 P.2d 538 (1997).

8. Where sentence for primary crime of multiple crimes is prison term, consecutive sentences to be served in prison. State v. Christensen, 23 Kan. App. 2d 910, 915, 937 P.2d 1239 (1997).

9. Departure sentence for nonbase conspiracy conviction exceeding double the presumptive sentence in violation of K.S.A. 21-4719(b)(2) reversed. State v. Hernandez, 24 Kan. App. 2d 285, 290, 944 P.2d 188 (1997).

10. Amendment's failure to update subsection's original effective date did not render amendment retroactive. In re Tax Appeal of Alsop Sand Co., Inc., 265 Kan. 510, 523, 962 P.2d 435 (1998).

11. Mentioned in discussing sentencing options available to sentencing judge. Abasolo v. State, 284 Kan. 299, 306, 160 P.3d 471 (2007).

12. Mentioned in sentencing for drug crimes committed on or after July 1, 1993. State v. Paul, 285 Kan. 658, 660, 665, 175 P.3d 840 (2008).

13. Sentencing under K.S.A. 21-4705(e) improper; conviction was first conviction for manufacture of controlled substance under K.S.A. 65-4159. State v. Unruh, 39 Kan. App. 2d 125 to 128, 132, 135 to 138, 177 P.3d 411 (2008).

14. Sentencing under subsection (e) presumptive imprisonment doubled for second conviction under K.S.A. 65-4159; no due process violation. State v. Moore, 39 Kan. App. 2d 568, 571 to 573, 591 to 594, 181 P.3d 1258 (2008).

15. Cited in case discussing multiplicity conviction determinations and identical offense rule. State v. Pritchard, 39 Kan. App. 2d 746, 756, 184 P.3d 951 (2008).

16. Cited; defendant's prior Kansas conviction for criminal possession of a firearm constituted qualifying felony for federal felon in possession crime. U.S. v. Hill, 539 F.3d 1213, 1215 (2008).

17. For convictions under K.S.A. 65-4160 or 65-4162 for third felony conviction, a presumptive term of imprisonment applies. State v. Andelt, 289 Kan. 763, 217 P.3d 976 (2009).

18. Conviction hereunder upheld; traffic stop and smell of marijuana provided probable cause for search. State v. Preston, 41 Kan. App. 2d 981, 207 P.3d 1081 (2009).

19. Drug treatment sanction trumps the prison sanction outlined in K.S.A. 21-4603d(f)(3). State v. Casey, 42 Kan. App. 2d 309, 211 P.3d 847 (2009).